卸螺絲，確實不簡單，一顆小小螺絲釘卻輕松拿捏了奔、波、灞三人，本來應該從從容容、游刃有余，現在是匆匆忙忙、連滾帶爬！

　　Removing screws is indeed not easy. A small screw easily handled the three people of Ben, Bo, and Ba. Originally, they should have been calm and effortless, but now they are in a hurry and crawling around!

　　那么上螺絲簡單嗎？生活中，如果你有拆裝臺式電腦機箱風扇的經驗，或者你有給汽車更換備胎的經歷，你就曉得上螺絲也是技術活！

　　So is it easy to screw on? In daily life, if you have experience dismantling desktop computer cases and fans, or if you have experience replacing spare tires for cars, you know that screwing in screws is also a technical job!

　　我們先聽聽DIYer如是說：在容易產生振動的部位，例如臺式電腦機箱的風扇，其緊固螺絲從下至上應該先有平墊、再有彈墊兩種墊圈。平墊用于提升螺絲與機箱的接觸面積，減小卸螺絲時對機箱表面的磨損；而彈墊相當于只有一圈的小彈簧，旋緊螺絲時彈墊產生的彈力可增加與螺絲間的摩擦力，防止由于振動導致螺絲松動，使用時建議一個彈墊配一個平墊，平墊挨著機箱表面，彈墊在平墊和螺絲（帽）之間。而機柜安裝時使用的緊固螺絲，就建議安裝彈墊，平墊與彈墊具體如圖1所示。

　　Let's first listen to what DIYer said: In areas that are prone to vibration, such as the fan of a desktop computer case, the fastening screws should have two types of washers from bottom to top: flat washers and elastic washers. Flat pads are used to increase the contact area between screws and the chassis, reducing the wear on the surface of the chassis when removing screws; And the spring pad is equivalent to a small spring with only one circle. When tightening the screw, the elastic force generated by the spring pad can increase the friction between the spring pad and the screw, preventing the screw from loosening due to vibration. When using, one spring pad must be matched with a flat pad, which is adjacent to the surface of the chassis, and the spring pad is between the flat pad and the screw (cap). The fastening screws used during cabinet installation must be equipped with spring washers, as shown in Figure 1 for flat washers and spring washers.

　　我們再聽聽老司機怎么說：

　　Let's hear what the experienced driver has to say:

　　汽車更換備胎后，緊固輪轂螺絲時得用“分步緊（按對角線/星形順序多次旋緊）”的手法，主要是為了避免螺絲受力不平衡以及輪轂貼合不均勻。一步到位式地直接擰緊單個螺絲會把輪轂“拉歪”，導致其他位置產生縫隙，行駛中輪轂會晃動，引發方向盤抖動、輪胎偏磨，甚至螺絲松脫；先擰緊的螺絲會獨自承受過大的壓力，可能超過其強度出眾導致滑絲；而“分步緊”能讓所有螺絲均勻分擔載荷，確保其固定強度，避免行駛中因受力不均出現安全事故。曾經摁住螺絲、挨個一擰到底的你，是否有點后背發涼？是否慶幸螺絲質量好？

　　After replacing the spare tire in the car, the wheel hub screws should be tightened using the "step-by-step tightening (multiple times in diagonal/star order)" method, mainly to avoid uneven force on the screws and uneven fit of the wheel hub. Directly tightening a single screw in one step will cause the wheel hub to "twist", resulting in gaps in other positions. During driving, the wheel hub will shake, causing steering wheel shaking, tire uneven wear, and even screw loosening; The screw that is tightened first will bear excessive pressure alone, which may exceed its strength limit and cause the thread to slip; And 'step-by-step tightening' can evenly distribute the load among all screws, ensure their fixing strength, and avoid safety accidents caused by uneven force during driving. Have you ever held down the screws and tightened them one by one, feeling a chill in your back? Are you grateful for the good quality of the screws?

　　這年頭，上個螺絲都這么卷嗎？的確，做事容易，但要把事情做到出彩，建議要有出彩的要求。剛結束不久的2025年丹麥羽毛球公開賽中有一幕：安賽龍面對石宇奇的一記合理反手回球，望球興嘆的同時，情不自禁地豎起來了大拇指！在出彩競技中，勝負往往取決于毫厘之間，石宇奇的反手回球之所以能讓前世界NO.1無奈之余手動點贊，正是因為他對細節的出彩把控——手腕發力像精密旋鈕，差之毫厘就不是壓線界內；腳步移動堪比合理導航，半步之遙可能就錯失非常佳擊球時機；而預判安賽龍這類高手的回球，更像是提前破譯戰術密碼，靠的是對對手球風的了如指掌。高手過招，比拼的就是毫厘之間的功夫和做到出彩的功課。一、設備安裝條件確認，既是隱患排查，又是責任界定在設備安裝前，建議先按照相關的設計規范要求，對機房設備安裝條件進行一一確認，就好比我們要跑此生必駕“甘青大環線”之前，雖然車況尚好，但還是得去4S點做一次深度的檢修和保養，畢竟長途跋涉不是上下班代步，容不得半點含糊。

　　Are all the screws rolled up like this these days? Indeed, doing things is easy, but to achieve the ultimate, one must have the utmost demands. In the recently concluded 2025 Danish Open Badminton Championships, there was a scene where An Sailong faced a precise backhand from Shi Yuqi. While sighing at the ball, he couldn't help but raise his thumb! In top tier competitions, victory often depends on the slightest difference. The reason why Shi Yuqi's backhand return can make the former world No.1 feel helpless and manually like it is precisely because of his extreme control over details - the wrist exerts force like a precision knob, and the difference of even a tiny difference is not within the boundary of the pressure line; The movement of footsteps is comparable to precise navigation, and half a step away may miss the best hitting opportunity; Predicting the return of a skilled player like Anseyron is more like deciphering tactical codes in advance, relying on a thorough understanding of the opponent's playing style. The competition between experts is about putting in even the slightest bit of effort and achieving the ultimate level of homework. 1、 Confirmation of equipment installation conditions is not only a hidden danger investigation, but also a responsibility definition. Before installing the equipment, it is necessary to confirm the installation conditions of the equipment in the computer room one by one according to the relevant design specifications. It is like before we have to drive the "Ganqing Ring Road" in our lifetime, although the condition of the car is still good, we still need to go to the 4S dealership for a deep inspection and maintenance. After all, long-distance travel is not commuting, and there is no room for ambiguity.

　　1.機房建筑條件檢查，應按照通信機房建筑要求，對機房的面積、高度、承重、門窗、墻面和溝槽布置等有關項目進行檢查。比如機房在二樓或更高樓層的，需關注重量較大的設備（如蓄電池組）的擺放方式及樓板的承重能力，確保滿足《電信專用房屋設計規范》YD 5003的相關規定：有UPS開間的電力室，閥控式蓄電池組四層雙列擺放的蓄電池室，其地板載荷應滿足16kN/m2，也就是大約1600kg/m2；無UPS開間的電力室，閥控式蓄電池組四層單列擺放的蓄電池室或一般蓄電池單層雙列擺放的蓄電池室地板載荷應滿足13kN/m2，也就是大約1300kg/m2；一般的通信機房地板載荷應滿足6kN/m2，也就是大約600kg/m2。

　　1. The inspection of the building conditions of the computer room should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the communication computer room building, and the relevant items such as the area, height, load-bearing capacity, doors and windows, wall and groove layout of the computer room should be inspected. For example, if the computer room is on the second floor or higher, attention should be paid to the placement of heavy equipment (such as battery packs) and the load-bearing capacity of the floor slab to ensure compliance with the relevant provisions of YD 5003 of the "Design Code for Telecommunications Special Buildings": for power rooms with UPS compartments and battery rooms with valve controlled battery packs arranged in double rows on four floors, the floor load should meet 16kN/m2, which is approximately 1600kg/m2; The floor load of a battery room without UPS bay, a battery room with four layers of single row placement of valve regulated battery packs, or a battery room with single-layer double row placement of general batteries should meet 13kN/m2, which is approximately 1300kg/m2; The floor load of a typical communication room should meet 6kN/m2, which is approximately 600kg/m2.

　　2.環境條件檢查，應按照《通信機房設計規范》GB 50174的要求檢查以下項目：

　　2. Environmental condition inspection should be carried out in accordance with the requirements of the "Code for Design of Communication Room" GB 50174, and the following items should be checked:

　　（1）機房的照明條件包括工作照明、應急照明，兩套照明系統應可通過應急照明控制回路實現控制，應急照明滿足90分鐘照明需求；

　　(1) The lighting conditions in the computer room include working lighting and emergency lighting. The two lighting systems should be able to be controlled through emergency lighting control circuits, and emergency lighting should meet the lighting requirements for 90 minutes;

　?。?）消防的要求，機房應配備足夠的消防設備；

　　(2) According to fire safety requirements, the computer room should be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment;

　?。?）空調通風系統足以保證機房維持良好的溫、濕度條件；

　　(3) The air conditioning and ventilation system is sufficient to ensure good temperature and humidity conditions in the computer room;

　　（4）有效的防靜電措施、防干擾措施；

　　(4) Effective anti-static and anti-interference measures;

　?。?）機房地面應堅固，確保機柜的穩固安裝。

　　(5) The ground of the computer room should be sturdy to ensure the stable installation of the cabinets.

　　3.機房供電條件檢查，應按照《通信電源設備安裝工程設計規范》GB 51194的要求檢查以下項目：

　　3. For the inspection of power supply conditions in the computer room, the following items should be checked in accordance with the requirements of the "Code for Design of Communication Power Supply Equipment Installation Engineering" GB 51194:

　　（1）交流供電設施齊全，滿足功率要求。除了市電引入之外，一般應有柴油機備用電源；

　　(1) The communication power supply facilities are complete and meet the power requirements. In addition to the introduction of mains power, there should generally be a backup power source for diesel engines;

　?。?）直流配電設備滿足要求，供電電壓穩定，電壓輸出值在規定范圍之內；

　　(2) The DC distribution equipment meets the requirements, the power supply voltage is stable, and the voltage output value is within the specified range;

　?。?）有足夠容量的蓄電池，保證在發生供電事故時傳輸設備能繼續運行。

　　(3) A battery with sufficient capacity ensures that the transmission equipment can continue to operate in the event of a power supply accident.

　?。?）一般在傳輸設備安裝前，應檢查配套的其他設備（如附屬的光配線架、數據通信設備、光纜及光纖、接入的設備等）是否正常連接。

　　(4) Before installing transmission equipment, it is generally necessary to check whether other supporting equipment (such as attached optical distribution frames, data communication equipment, optical cables and fibers, access equipment, etc.) are connected properly.

　　（5）地線條件檢查，良好的接地是機房設備穩定工作的基礎，也是防止雷擊和抵抗干擾的首要保證條件，按照《通信局（站）防雷與接地工程設計規范》GB50689的要求，認真檢查安裝現場的接地條件，并根據實際情況做好接地工作。如果上述安裝條件存在問題，建議整改到位，保證新裝設備的正常運行；確因不可抗因素導致無法整改到位的，應在設備安裝時做好相應補強措施，并進行詳細記錄。

　　(5) Ground wire condition inspection: Good grounding is the foundation for stable operation of equipment in the computer room, as well as the primary guarantee for preventing lightning strikes and resisting interference. According to the requirements of the "Code for Design of Lightning Protection and Grounding Engineering of Communication Bureaus (Stations)" GB50689, carefully inspect the grounding conditions at the installation site and carry out grounding work according to the actual situation. If there are any issues with the installation conditions mentioned above, they must be rectified to ensure the normal operation of the newly installed equipment; If it is impossible to rectify due to uncontrollable factors, corresponding reinforcement measures should be taken during equipment installation and detailed records should be kept.

　　二、設備安裝作業要求，既要穩當牢靠，又要緊密貼合

　　2、 The requirements for equipment installation operations are to be both stable and secure, as well as tightly sealed

　　設備安裝是機房搬遷流程的第8個步驟，具體如圖2所示。

　　Equipment installation is the eighth step of the data center relocation process, as shown in Figure 2.

　　安裝設備前，設備搬遷組得先按照新機房的設備平面布置圖將設備一一搬運到精選安裝位置。而具體設備安裝，大致分為三種情況：第一種是單設備安裝，由于前期準備階段已在安裝梁上根據設備耳板距離安裝了相應設備的固定鎖扣，只需將設備安放于新機架內并通過螺絲固定即可；第二種是多個單設備安裝，在同一機柜安裝多個設備時，應根據設備的尺寸規劃預留好散熱空間；第三種是整機柜搬遷安裝，應根據現場安裝條件，做好利舊機柜與底座的固定，利用水平尺調整機架的水平方向和垂直方向，通過底部及架頂并柜連接條的固定完成并柜安裝，確保所有機柜安裝穩當牢靠。

　　Before installing the equipment, the equipment relocation team must first move the equipment one by one to the designated installation location according to the equipment layout plan of the new computer room. The specific equipment installation can be roughly divided into three situations: the first is single device installation, as the corresponding equipment's fixed locking buckle has been installed on the installation beam according to the distance between the equipment ear plate in the early preparation stage, simply place the equipment in the new rack and fix it with screws; The second method is to install multiple single devices. When installing multiple devices in the same cabinet, the heat dissipation space should be reserved according to the size of the devices; The third method is to relocate and install the entire cabinet. Based on the on-site installation conditions, the old cabinet and base should be fixed properly. The horizontal and vertical directions of the rack should be adjusted using a level ruler. The cabinet installation should be completed by fixing the bottom and top cabinet connection bars to ensure that all cabinets are installed stably and securely.

　　某新機房建成后，需從舊機房整機搬遷安裝電源、傳輸、程控交換機、路由器、交換機等10余套設備，另外再新安裝4套新機柜。由于設備安裝精度直接影響設備運行穩定性，所以搬遷實施組提前2個月就開始了籌劃準備工作：根據新機房承重分布、散熱規劃、業務類型及其關聯性等，繪制了詳盡的“XX機房設備平面布置圖”，明確了每臺設備的機架編號、安裝高度及相鄰設備間距，配備水平尺、扭矩扳手等專業工具（如圖2所示），確保所有設備安裝緊密貼合。

　　After the completion of a new computer room, more than 10 sets of equipment such as power supply, transmission, program-controlled switches, routers, and switches need to be relocated and installed from the old computer room, and an additional 4 sets of new cabinets need to be installed. Due to the direct impact of equipment installation accuracy on the stability of equipment operation, the relocation implementation team began planning and preparation work two months in advance: based on the load-bearing distribution, heat dissipation planning, business types, and their correlations of the new equipment room, a detailed "XX equipment room equipment layout plan" was drawn, clarifying the rack number, installation height, and adjacent equipment spacing of each equipment, equipped with professional tools such as level rulers and torque wrenches (as shown in Figure 2), to ensure that all equipment is installed seamlessly.

　　1.機柜安裝正式安裝前，設備搬遷組已提前完成4個新機柜的預處理：在每臺機柜里邊的設備安裝位置，預先安好固定鎖扣；并用記號筆標注清楚設備底部基準線（確保相鄰設備間距不小于15cm，避免因散熱不良導致設備宕機）。

　　Before the formal installation of the cabinet, the equipment relocation team has completed the pre-processing of four new cabinets in advance: fixed locks are pre installed at the installation positions of the equipment inside each cabinet; Mark the bottom reference line of the equipment clearly with a marker pen (ensuring that the distance between adjacent devices is not less than 15cm to avoid equipment downtime due to poor heat dissipation).

　　此次搬遷時間窗口為0點到6點，涉及搬遷設備多，業務調試壓力大。為進一步壓縮設備搬運耗時，23點開始，在不影響設備運行的前提下，設備搬遷組就開始小心翼翼地擰松設備的固定螺絲。

　　The relocation time window is from 0:00 to 6:00, involving multiple relocation equipment and high pressure for business debugging. To further reduce the time required for equipment transportation, starting from 23:00, the equipment relocation team began carefully loosening the fixing screws of the equipment without affecting its operation.

　　10個舊機柜需整體固定在新機房預制底座上，安裝人員先用水平尺緊貼機柜側面，反復調整底座墊片，確保機柜垂直偏差不超過2mm；水平方向則通過機柜底部的調節螺栓，使多臺并柜的頂面高度差控制在1mm內。固定時，先將機柜底部與底座用螺栓固定，再用架頂并柜連接條將相鄰機柜橫向鎖死，形成穩固的“聯排機柜”。非常后，通過水平尺檢測時，發現倆機柜存在3mm的垂直偏差，安裝人員立即旋松底部螺栓，墊入厚度適中的金屬墊片重新校準，直至完全符合標準。

　　Ten old cabinets need to be fixed as a whole on the prefabricated base of the new computer room. The installation personnel first use a level ruler to tightly adhere to the side of the cabinets, repeatedly adjust the base gasket, and ensure that the vertical deviation of the cabinets does not exceed 2mm. In the horizontal direction, the height difference between the top surfaces of multiple parallel cabinets is controlled within 1mm by adjusting the bolts at the bottom of the cabinets. When fixing, first fix the bottom and base of the cabinet with bolts, and then use the rack top and cabinet connection strip to lock the adjacent cabinets horizontally, forming a stable "row cabinet". Finally, when using a level ruler for inspection, it was found that there was a vertical deviation of 3mm between the two cabinets. The installation personnel immediately loosened the bottom bolts and inserted metal washers of moderate thickness to recalibrate until they fully met the standards.

　　2.設備安裝

　　2. Equipment installation

　　在新機柜中安裝搬遷設備時，還是出現了小狀況。新采購的機柜安裝梁是按照OSN 1800V的尺寸222mm(高)×224mm(深)×442mm(寬)設計的，但此次安裝的OSN 3500設備的子架尺寸為722mm(高)×295mm(深)×497mm(寬)，好不容易搬過來的設備卻塞不進去，固定就更別提了。與其對著設備尷尬，不如立即改造，小王通過改造安裝梁的位置，非常終滿足了OSN 3500的安裝空間要求。

　　There were still minor issues when installing relocation equipment in the new cabinet. The newly purchased cabinet installation beam is designed according to the dimensions of OSN 1800V, which are 222mm (height) × 224mm (depth) × 442mm (width). However, the sub rack size of the OSN 3500 equipment installed this time is 722mm (height) × 295mm (depth) × 497mm (width). The equipment that was difficult to move over cannot fit in, let alone be fixed. Instead of being embarrassed by the equipment, it's better to immediately renovate it. Xiao Wang finally met the installation space requirements of OSN 3500 by modifying the position of the installation beam.

　　所有設備安裝完成后，安裝人員統一用激光測距儀抽檢設備間距、用水平儀復核機柜垂直度，檢查是否安裝彈簧墊圈，甚至模擬設備運行時的震動，確認螺絲是否會受振松動。非常終，14個整機柜及設備全部合理安裝到位，機架穩固、間距合理，這活干得不但賞心悅目，而且標準規范。

　　After the installation of all equipment is completed, the installation personnel will use a laser rangefinder to randomly check the spacing between the equipment, use a level to verify the verticality of the cabinet, check whether spring washers are installed, and even simulate the vibration of the equipment during operation to confirm whether the screws will loosen due to vibration. In the end, all 14 complete cabinets and equipment were accurately installed in place, with stable racks and reasonable spacing. This job was not only pleasing to the eye, but also standardized.

　　所以說，機房設備安裝不是“隨意安放”，而是基于圖紙規劃的“合理作業”，每一處的尺寸校準、細節把控，都是新機房設備長期穩定運行的基礎。

　　So, the installation of equipment in the computer room is not a "random placement", but a "precise operation" based on blueprint planning. The size calibration and detail control of each part are the foundation for the long-term stable operation of new computer room equipment.

　　設備這一拆一裝啊，我非常擔心的一幕——

　　The dismantling and reassembly of the equipment is what worries me the most——

　　多出一堆螺絲或者剩余幾塊零部件，終究沒有發生！還是我們的通信“汪”、工程“獅”們靠譜！此情此景，我忍不住想吟詩一首：螺絲雖小乾坤大，道法術器有講究；欲善其事利其器，手動電動需配合；關鍵環節看技術，選對墊圈對角緊；事半功倍有方法,標準規范作依據；一絲不茍是王道，能鉆善攻像螺絲。

　　An extra pile of screws or a few remaining components never happened! Our communication "kings" and engineering "lions" are still reliable! In this situation and scene, I can't help but want to recite a poem: Although the screw is small, the universe is vast, but there are rules and regulations for Taoist magic tools; To do a good job and make good use of tools, manual and electric power need to be coordinated; The key link is to look at the technology and choose the right gasket to tighten diagonally; There are methods to achieve twice the result with half the effort, based on standard specifications; Being meticulous is the king's way, being able to drill and attack like a screw.

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